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相比于二元近等原子比NiTi形状记忆合金，富Ni成分的形状记忆合金因其较低的相变温度和较高的超弹应力已得到广泛应用，但有关晶粒尺寸对Ni51Ti49记忆合金力学性能影响的研究仍不足。针对此问题，采用Ni51Ti49记忆合金丝材对其在室温下进行拉拔变形，然后采用设置不同温度进行退火处理，随后通过单轴拉伸测试研究了不同晶粒尺寸合金的力学性能。X射线衍射结果表明：合金冷拔变形后由母相晶体转变为非晶相。单轴拉伸结果表明，当晶粒尺寸由400 nm减小至18 nm,合金的超弹应力由370 MPa增加至647 MPa,应力诱发马氏体相变的吸收功由34 MJ/m3增加至47 MJ/m3,输出功由9 MJ/m3增加至24 MJ/m3,合金的硬度由(310±5) HV 0.2/10增加至(476±14) HV 0.2/10。Ni51Ti49记忆合金力学性能呈现明显的晶粒尺寸依赖性，其原因主要是减小合金的晶粒尺寸使合金中的晶界密度增大，高密度晶界增大了马氏体相变的阻力，致使其力学性能呈现明显的晶粒尺寸效应。
Abstract：Compared to binary near-equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloys, Ni-rich shape memory alloys have been widely used due to their lower transformation temperatures and higher superelastic stresses. However, research on the effect of grain size on the mechanical properties of Ni51Ti49 shape memory alloys is still insufficient. In this study, Ni51Ti49 shape memory alloy wires were subjected to cold drawing at room temperature, followed by annealing at various temperatures. Subsequently, the mechanical properties of the alloy with different grain sizes were investigated through uniaxial tensile testing. X-ray diffraction(XRD) results showed that the alloy transformed from the parent phase to an amorphous phase after cold drawing. Uniaxial tensile test results indicated that as the grain size decreased from 400 nm to 18 nm, the superelastic stress of the alloy increased from 370 MPa to 647 MPa, the absorption work of stress-induced martensitic transformation increased from 34 MJ/m3 to 47 MJ/m3, the output work increased from 9 MJ/m3 to 24 MJ/m3, and the hardness increased from(310±5) HV 0.2/10 to(476±14) HV 0.2/10. The mechanical properties of the Ni51Ti49 shape memory alloy exhibit a pronounced grain size dependence. This is primarily because reducing the grain size of the alloy increases the grain boundary density. The high density of grain boundaries enhances the resistance to martensitic transformation, thereby causing a significant grain size effect on the mechanical properties of the alloy.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:TG139.6
引用信息:
[1]王永善,刘艳,苏俊泰,等.晶粒尺寸对Ni51Ti49形状记忆合金力学性能的影响研究[J].陕西理工大学学报(自然科学版),2025,41(06):10-16.
基金信息:
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2024JC-YBQN-0366); 陕西省教育厅服务地方专项项目(24JC019)